{"id":1643,"date":"2023-07-18T20:43:37","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T12:43:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/?p=1643"},"modified":"2023-07-18T20:43:37","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T12:43:37","slug":"linux-%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/2023\/07\/18\/linux-%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u603b\u7ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11 Linux \u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee4\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u3002\u3002\u6211\u672c\u5730\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a Ubuntu \u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u4e91\u4e0a\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a CentOS\uff0c\u7528\u7740\u7528\u7740\u5c31\u719f\u7ec3\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"linux-\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\">Linux \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><code>[root@localhost~]#<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>root: \u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>localhost: \u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>~ : \u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>: \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7b26<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>$ : \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7b26<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\/ \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>. \u662f\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55,\u7edf\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565 .\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>.. \u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cd \u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cd &#8211; \u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5728 \/home\/\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u662f \/root<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\">\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e38\u89c4\">\u5e38\u89c4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f [\u9009\u9879] [\u53c2\u6570]<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tap \u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55: pwd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67e5\u8be2\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9 ls [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55]\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ls -l \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ls -lh \u4eba\u6027\u5316\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ls -a \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6 \u4ee5.\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cd (change direcotry):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cp (copy):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>cp a.txt b.txt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u590d\u5236 a.txt \u5e76\u628a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u4e3a b.txt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a -r \u53c2\u6570 cp -r a b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mkdir (\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>-p \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mkdir -p a\/b\/c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rmdir (remove empty directories) \u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rm\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u4e1c\u897f,\u5f88\u5371\u9669,\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u8981\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-f \u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-r \u7528\u6765\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mv (\u7528\u6765\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\\\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 \u6216\u8005\u6539\u540d)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mv a.txt b.txt \u6b64\u4e3a\u6539\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mv b.txt ..\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mv b.txt ..\/gua.txt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 mv xx \/tmp \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5165\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u5939(\/tmp \u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u5939,\u91cd\u542f\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6,\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3 rm \u5220\u9664\u547d\u4ee4)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cat \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tac \u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nl \u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u9644\u5e26\u884c\u53f7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>more(\u5206\u5c4f\u5206\u6279\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>less(\u6bd4 more \u597d\u7528,\u53ef\u4ee5\u524d\u540e\u9000\u770b\u6587\u4ef6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>head,tail (\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d,\u540e10\u884c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>head \u548c tail \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a -n \u53c2\u6570 head-n 20 a.txt \u663e\u793a20\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>touch a.txt \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u66f4\u65b0\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4,\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\">\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u538b\u7f29<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>tar -cf name.tar name<\/code>&nbsp;\u538b\u7f29<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -tf name.tar<\/code>&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;<code>tar -tvf name.tar<\/code>&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u90fd\u662f\u53ea\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u89e3\u538b\u3002v\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff09verbose(\u8be6\u7ec6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -xf name.tar<\/code>&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\uff08\u62bd\u53d6\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -czvf name.tar.gz name<\/code>&nbsp;(\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a z\uff0c\u4ee5gz\u683c\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -tzvf name.tar.gz<\/code>&nbsp;(\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a z\uff0c\u4ee5gz\u683c\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -xzvf name.tar.gz<\/code>&nbsp;(\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a z\uff0c\u4ee5gz\u683c\u5f0f\u62bd\u53d6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>tar -cvf|tvf|xvf tar -czvf|tzvf|xzvf<\/code>&nbsp;\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u884c\u4e86<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>compression(create)listextract(\u63d0\u53d6)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8f91vim\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8f91\uff08vim\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>touch \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cvim \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6253\u5f00\u540e\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6309 i \u952e\uff08insert\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9000\u51fa \u6309 esc \uff1awq \u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u79fb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c gg\uff1b\u79fb\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c G<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u6574\u884c dd\uff1b\u6062\u590d u\u3002\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4ece insert \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u51fa\u6765<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u6574\u884c yy\uff1b\u7c98\u8d34 p<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650 r-w-x 4-2-1 \u8bfb-\u5199-\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u6743\u9650\u64cd\u4f5c\">\u6743\u9650\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sudo \u7528\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8d26\u6237\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f(\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>su (switch user) \u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237 su root<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ll \u5168\u90e8\u663e\u793a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u627e\">\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u627e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>file \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>uname \u663e\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u5b57\u6216\u8005\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u606f -r(\u5185\u6838) -a(\u5168\u90e8)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whoami \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8eab\u4efd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>find . -name \u201c*.py\u201d \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 .py \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u7b26\u53f7\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>~ \u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&gt; \u8986\u76d6\u5f0f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&gt;&gt; \u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u7f51\u7edc\">\u7f51\u7edc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ifconfig(\u67e5\u770b ip \u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ip addr\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u67e5\u770b ip\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ssh\">SSH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ssh\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u4f1a\u8bdd\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5728 CentOs \u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cUbuntu \u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u81ea\u884c Google<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u88c5-ssh-\u670d\u52a1\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u88c5 SSH \u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5&nbsp;<code>yum install openssh-server<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u542f\u52a8&nbsp;<code>service sshd start<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u8fd0\u884c&nbsp;<code>chkconfig sshd on<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7248\u672c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88c5\u597d\u3002\u684c\u9762\u7248\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b89\u88c5-ssh-\u5de5\u5177\">\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b89\u88c5 SSH \u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>windows\u4e0b\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u652f\u6301\uff0cXshell\uff0cPutty\uff0csecureCRT<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linux\u5e73\u53f0\u5b89\u88c5&nbsp;<code>yum install openssh-clients<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5SSH\u670d\u52a1&nbsp;<code>ssh root@\u516c\u7f51ip<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0e\u65b0\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684+<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>exit \u56de\u5230\u672c\u5730<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ssh-config\u914d\u7f6e\">SSH config\uff08\u914d\u7f6e\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bb2\u7684\u90fd\u662flinux\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684config\uff09\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684config\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6548<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>config \u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6279\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a ssh<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>config \u5b58\u653e\u5728 ~\/.ssh\/config(.ssh\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31<code>touch config<\/code>\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH config \u8bed\u6cd5\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Host \u522b\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HostName \u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port \u7aef\u53e3\uff08ssh\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a22\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>User \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IdentityFile \u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86config\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5&nbsp;<code>ssh \u522b\u540d<\/code>&nbsp;&#8220;` host \u201ctencent\u201d HostName xxx.xx.x.xx User root Port 22<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\n### SSH\u5b89\u5168\u514d\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff1assh  key\n\n+ \u666e\u901a\u767b\u5f55\uff1a`ssh username@xxx.xx.x.xx`\n+ ssh key \u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u516c\u94a5\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\n+ \u79c1\u94a5\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u672c\u5730 `~\/.ssh` \u76ee\u5f55\n+ \u516c\u94a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5916\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 `~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys` \n+ Linux \u5e73\u53f0\u751f\u6210 ssh key:\n\t+ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aefcd ~\/.ssh\/\n\t+ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 ssh-keygen -t rsa \u547d\u4ee4\u4ea6\u53ef ssh-keygen -t dsa\n\t+ \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5728 authorized_keys \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u7684\u516c\u94a5\n\t+ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u5bc6\u94a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230ssh\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff1a`ssh-add ~\/.ssh\/\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6`\n+ windows \u5e73\u53f0\u751f\u6210 ssh key:\n\t+ \u76f4\u63a5\u5728 xshell \u5de5\u5177\u680f\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\n\t+ \u5728 ~\/.ssh \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb authorized_keys \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u653e\u5165\u516c\u94a5\n+ \u5982\u679c\u662f\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5219\u8fd8\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u6743\u9650\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>cd \/home\/username\/ chmod 700 .ssh cd \/home\/username\/.ssh chmod 600 authorized_keys<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\n### SSH\u5b89\u5168\u7aef\u53e3\n\n+ \u907f\u514d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\n+ \u6539\u53d8 SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a\u4fee\u6539 `\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config`(\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c)\n\n## \u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u67e5\u770b\n\n### \u8f6f\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08CentOs\uff09\n\n+ \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff1a yum\n+ \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a `yum intall xxx`\n+ \u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a `yum remove xxx`\n+ \u641c\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a `yum serach xxx`\n+ \u6e05\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a `yum clean packages`\n+ \u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a `yum list`\n+ \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a `yum info xxx`\n\n### \u8f6f\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Ubuntu\uff09\n\n+ `sudo apt-get install name` `sudo apt install`\n+ \u5907\u4efdUbuntu\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6e90\u5730\u5740 `sudo cp \/etc\/apt\/sources.list \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.backup`\n+ \u66f4\u65b0\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5373 `\/etc\/apt\/sources.list`\n+ `sudo apt-get update` sudo apt install \n+ `sudo apt-get remove name` \u5220\u9664\u5305\n+ `sudo apt-cache search package` \u641c\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\n+ `sudo apt-cache show package`  \u83b7\u53d6\u5305\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u8bf4\u660e\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u7248\u672c\u7b49\n\n### \u786c\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\n\n+ \u5185\u5b58\uff1a `free -m`\n+ \u786c\u76d8\uff1a`df -h`\n+ \u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a `w\/top`\n+ cpu\uff1a `cat \/proc\/cpuinfo`\n\n## \u5176\u5b83\n\n### kill\n\n+ `sudo netstat -tnlp` \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\n+ `sudo kill xxpidxx` \u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\n\n### \u9632\u706b\u5899\n\n+ `yum install firewalld`\t\t\t\t\u5b89\u88c5\n+ `service firewalld start`\t\t\t\u542f\u52a8\n+ `service firewalld status`\t\t\t\u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001\n+ `service firewalld stop\/disable` \t\u5173\u95ed\/\u7981\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\n\n+ \u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u7528 `yum list |grep firewall` \u68c0\u67e5\n\n+ `firewall-cmd --version` \t\u67e5\u770b\u7248\u672c\n+ `firewall-cmd --help`\t\t\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\n+ `firewall-cmd --state`\t\t\u67e5\u770b\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\n\n&gt; \u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6709\u533a\u57df\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u533a\u5206\n\n+ `firewall-cmd --get-zones` \u67e5\u770b\u533a\u57df\n+ `firewall-cmd --get-default-zone` \u9ed8\u8ba4\u533a\u57df\n+ `firewall-cmd --list-all-zone` \u5217\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\n+ `firewall-cmd --query-service=ssh` \u67e5\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\n+ `firewall-cmd --remove-serivce=ssh` \u5220\u9664\u670d\u52a1\n+ `firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh` \u6dfb\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\n+ `firewall-cmd --list-services` \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\n+ `firewall-cmd --query-port=22\/tcp` \u67e5\u8be2\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\n+ `firewall-cmd --add-port=22\/tcp` \u5f00\u542f\u7aef\u53e3\n+ `firewall-cmd --remove-port=22\/tcp` \u5173\u95ed\u7aef\u53e3\n+ `firewall-cmd --list-ports` \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\n\n+ \u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\n+ \u5220\u9664\u670d\u52a1\u540e\u5f00\u542f\u7aef\u53e3\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\uff08\u5df2\u5b9e\u6d4b\uff09\n+ \u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u542f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u7279\u610f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\n\n### \u63d0\u6743 \u3001\u4e0a\u4f20\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\n\n+ \u63d0\u6743\uff1asudo\n+ root \u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7 visudo \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"allows-people-in-group-wheel-to-run-all-commands\">Allows people in group wheel to run all commands<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL %rong ALL=(ALL) ALL &#8220;`<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528 root \u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u90fd\u662f\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528 sudo \u63d0\u6743<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>wget&nbsp;<code>wget http:\/\/www.baidu.com<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>curl&nbsp;<code>curl -o filename http:\/\/www.baidu.com<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c06\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u4e3a filename<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>scp\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a scp \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u7528\u6237@\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u8def\u5f84 \u4f8b\uff1a<code>scp a.txt rong@192.168.x.xxx:\/tmp\/<\/code>&nbsp;(scp\u662f secure copy\u7684\u7f29\u5199, scp\u662flinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u57fa\u4e8essh\u767b\u9646\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u547d\u4ee4)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0b\u8f7d&nbsp;<code>scp rong@192.168.x.xxx:\/tmp\/a.txt .\/<\/code>&nbsp;\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1ascp \u7528\u6237\u540d@\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6587\u4ef6\u5730\u5740 \u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u672c\u673a\u5730\u5740\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f linux \u4e0b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cwindows \u4e0b\u89c1\u4e0b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6 yum install lrzsz(\u5728linux\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee3\u66ffftp\u4e0a\u4f20\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef&nbsp;<code>rz<\/code>&nbsp;\u4e0a\u4f20\u547d\u4ee4(\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef receive)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef&nbsp;<code>sz filename<\/code>&nbsp;\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef send\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ZMODEM \u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11 Linux \u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee4\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u3002\u3002\u6211\u672c\u5730\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1643","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-22"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1643\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}