{"id":1836,"date":"2023-09-22T11:57:54","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T03:57:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/?p=1836"},"modified":"2023-09-22T13:06:56","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T05:06:56","slug":"stp%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e6%a0%91%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/2023\/09\/22\/stp%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e6%a0%91%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"STP\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4f5c\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u3010\u7f51\u6865\u3011<\/strong>\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7f51\u6865\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u7531\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\u6784\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bf4\u7f51\u6865\u53ef\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7f51\u6865\u770b\u6210\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u82e5\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6865\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5e38\u5c06\u7f51\u6865\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u3010STP\u3011<\/strong>\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u5e72\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5b83\u5197\u4f59\u94fe\u8def\u7f6e\u4e3a\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u73af\u8def\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u94fe\u8def\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u603b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u94fe\u8def\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u6570\u4e2a\u73af\u8def\u3002\u73af\u8def\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u3001\u591a\u5e27\u590d\u5236\u548cMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u6296\u52a8\u7b49\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\u201d\u3002\u751f\u6210\u6811\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6811\u6839\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6839\u6865\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u6839\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u6765\u81ea\u6839\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u963b\u585e\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u6839\u51fa\u53d1\u540e\u53ef\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u73af\u8def\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4efb\u610f\u8bbe\u5907\u51fa\u53d1\u5230\u8fbe\u53e6\u4e00\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>STP\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8f83\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u53d8\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u591f\u8fc5\u901f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u5584STP\u7684\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c<strong>RSTP\uff08\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\uff09<\/strong>\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u3002RSTP\u662fSTP\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4fdd\u6301STP\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6765\u52a0\u5feb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RSTP\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff1aRSTP\u5c06\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\uff08designated\uff09\u3001\u6839\uff08root\uff09\u548c\u5907\u4efd\uff08alternate\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4STP\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\uff0cRSTP\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u5207\u6362\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5feb\u901f\u6536\u655b\uff1aRSTP\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11BPDU\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u95f4\u9694\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u52a0\u5feb\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0cRSTP\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u751f\u6210\u6811\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\uff1aRSTP\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u6d88\u606f\u6765\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53RSTP\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230BPDU\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5047\u8bbe\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u751f\u6210\u6811\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>RSTP\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8eSTP\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002RSTP\u4e0eSTP\u534f\u8bae\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728STP\u548cRSTP\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c,\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7528RSTP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528STP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e24\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u53f0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u5411\u4e0b\u517c\u5bb9\u4f7f\u7528STP\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f,\u4f46\u662f\u4e24\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u91c7\u7528RSTP\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>MSTP\uff08Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2aVLAN\uff08\u865a\u62df\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\uff09\uff0c\u800cSTP\u548cRSTP\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u6811\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cMSTP\uff08\u591a\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u3002MSTP\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aVLAN\u6784\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6811\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u591a\u751f\u6210\u6811\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aMSTP\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u6811\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0d\u540c\u7684VLAN\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684VLAN\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6811\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0cMSTP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u94fe\u8def\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9RSTP\u548cSTP\uff1aMSTP\u4e0eRSTP\u548cSTP\u534f\u8bae\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u8868\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86STP\u3001RSTP\u548cMSTP\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th>\u529f\u80fd<\/th><th>STP<\/th><th>RSTP<\/th><th>MSTP<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u73af\u8def\u6d88\u9664<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5feb\u901f\u6536\u655b<\/td><td>\u5426<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u652f\u6301\u591aVLAN<\/td><td>\u5426<\/td><td>\u5426<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u62d3\u6251\u53ef\u6269\u5c55<\/td><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc<\/td><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc<\/td><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u591aVLAN\u73af\u5883<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u534e\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6eSTP\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&lt;Huawei&gt; system-view\n&#91;Huawei] stp mode stp\n&#91;Huawei] stp enable\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u6574STP\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;Huawei] stp priority &lt;priority&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u3010\u73af\u8def\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3011<\/strong>\u73af\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u3001\u591a\u5e27\u590d\u5236\u548cMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u6296\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\uff1a<\/strong>\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bb2\u662f\u6307\u5f53\u5e7f\u64ad\u6570\u636e\u5145\u65a5\u7f51\u7edc\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f7b\u5e95\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u201d\u3002\u5047\u8bbeAB\u4e24\u70b9\u6210\u73af\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3002A\u53d1\u51fa\u672a\u77e5\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\uff0cB\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u540e\u7531\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e2d\u65e0\u6b64MAC\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u6b64\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\u53c8\u5230\u8fbeA\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u65e0\u6cd5\u4eceMAC\u8868\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\uff0cA\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u4e00\u8d77\u4e2a\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u505c\u5faa\u73af\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u591a\u5e27\u590d\u5236\uff1a<\/strong>\u5355\u64ad\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u590d\u5236\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f20\u8f93\u4e00\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u591a\u5e27\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u76ee\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u6536\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e86\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>MAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u6296\u52a8\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u5e27\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u88ab\u63a5\u6536\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c06\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u6d88\u8017\u5728\u590d\u5236\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6d88\u5f31\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1\u3001BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528BPDU\uff08Bridge Protocol Data Unit\u7f51\u6865\u534f\u8bae\u6570\u636e\u5355\u5143\uff09\u6765\u4ea4\u6362STP\uff08\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cBPDU\u62a5\u6587\u5206\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6eBPDU\u548cTCN BPDU\u4e24\u7c7b\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94STP\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff08STP\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u5e27\u5934<\/td><td>Data\uff08BPDU\u62a5\u6587\uff09<\/td><td>FCS<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u914d\u7f6eBPDU\uff08Configuration BPDU\uff09\u62a5\u6587\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6210\u6811\u62d3\u6251\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Protocol ID<\/td><td>Protocol Version ID<\/td><td>BPDU Type<\/td><td>Flags<\/td><td>Root ID<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Root Path Cost<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>1\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>1\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>1\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>8\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">4\u5b57\u8282<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Bridge ID<\/td><td>Port ID<\/td><td>Message Age<\/td><td>Max Age<\/td><td>Hello Time<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">Fonward Delay<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TCN BPDU\uff08Topology Change Notification BPDU\uff09\u62a5\u6587\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f53\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u901a\u77e5\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Protocol ID<\/td><td>Protocol Version ID<\/td><td>BPDU Type<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">2\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>1\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>1\u5b57\u8282<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Protocol ID\uff1a<\/strong>\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a0x0000\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Protocol Version ID\uff1a<\/strong>\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c0x00\u4ee3\u8868STP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BPDU Type\uff1a<\/strong>BPDU\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u914d\u7f6eBPDU\u8fd8\u662fTCN BPDU\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Flags\uff1a<\/strong>BPDU\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u75318\u4f4d\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff080\u4f4d\uff09\u4e3aTC\uff08Topology Change\uff0c\u62d3\u6251\u6539\u53d8\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\uff087\u4f4d\uff09\u4e3aTCA\uff08Topology Change Acknowledge\uff0c\u62d3\u6251\u6539\u53d8\u786e\u8ba4\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed66\u4f4d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Root ID\uff1a<\/strong>\u6839\u6865ID\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u524d2\u5b57\u8282\u4ee3\u8868\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u540e6\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5176MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Root Path Cost\uff1a<\/strong>\u6839\u6865\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5230\u6839\u6865\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bridge ID\uff1a<\/strong>\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u6865ID\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8be5BPDU\u7684\u7f51\u6865\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u524d2\u5b57\u8282\u4ee3\u8868\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u540e6\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5176MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Port ID\uff1a<\/strong>\u7aef\u53e3ID\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8be5BPDU\u7684\u7f51\u6865\u7aef\u53e3ID\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Message Age\uff1a<\/strong>BPDU\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u671f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5df2\u4f20\u64ad\u4e86\u591a\u4e45\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Max Age\uff1a<\/strong>\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u6839\u6865\u53d1\u51fa\u7684BPDU\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5219\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c06\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53d1\u51faBPDU\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u751f\u6210\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hello Time\uff1a<\/strong>\u6839\u7f51\u6865\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fonward Delay\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u5ef6\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u8fc1\u79fb\u6240\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u6210\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u6d88\u606f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u523b\u4f20\u904d\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u7acb\u523b\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u8bdd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u7684\u73af\u8def\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u8fc1\u79fb\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65b0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6d88\u606f\u5df2\u4f20\u904d\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><strong>\u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; \u8fd0\u884c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u5176\u7aef\u53e3\u603b\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u6216\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u8bc6\u522b\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u7aef\u53e3\u6682\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Listening\uff1a\u76d1\u542c<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u63a5\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u8bc6\u522b\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u5207\u6362\u5230\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u3002\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5404\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u5c06\u786e\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u6839\u6865\u3001\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u6865\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u968f\u540e\u6839\u636e\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u4e3aLearning\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u4e3aBlocking\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Learning\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5c06\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u5b8c\u5584MAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u3002\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Forwarding\uff1a\u8f6c\u53d1<\/strong>\uff0cMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u8f6c\u53d1\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5b66\u4e60MAC\u5730\u5740\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Blocking\uff1a\u963b\u585e<\/strong>\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u90e8\u5206\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u5165\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u6216\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u9001BPDU\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u63a5\u6536BPDU\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3\u3001STP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u9009\u4e3e\u6839\u6865\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f00\u542fSTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u5165\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5411\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u914d\u7f6eBPDU\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u6839\u6865ID\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ID\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53d1\u51faBPDU\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2aBPDU\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u5148\u6bd4\u8f83\u6839\u6865ID\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u5219\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u8be5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53ef\u7531\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u82e5\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5219\u6240\u6709\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u6839\u6865ID\u4e2d\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u82e5\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u6536\u5230\u7684BPDU\u4e2d\u6839\u6865ID\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f83\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u524d\u53d1\u9001\u7684BPDU\u9ad8\uff0c\u5219\u8bbe\u5907\u5f00\u59cb\u8f6c\u53d1\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684BPDU\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u5c31\u53ea\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u6839\u6865ID\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u90a3\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684BPDU\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u540c\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/s1.51cto.com\/wyfs02\/M00\/86\/F4\/wKioL1fPtwPzcw5bAACnkLTh2-M767.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2004741704.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/s1.51cto.com\/wyfs02\/M00\/86\/F4\/wKioL1fPtwPzcw5bAACnkLTh2-M767.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2004741704.jpg\" alt=\"\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\" title=\"\u6355\u83b7.JPG\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5176MAC\u5730\u5740\u5f97\u5230SW1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u6545\u5e94\u9009\u53d6SW1\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u9009\u4e3e\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/strong>\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u6839\u6865\u540e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u53ea\u4f1a\u8f6c\u53d1\u6839\u6865\u53d1\u51fa\u7684BPDU\u3002\u6839\u6865\u53d1\u51fa\u7684BPDU\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6839\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0cBPDU\u4ece\u67d0\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u65f6\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u7d2f\u52a0\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u5f00\u9500\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u8f6c\u53d1\u6839\u6865\u7684BPDU\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u52a0\u5404\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u503c\uff0c\u6b64\u503c\u53ef\u7531\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u4f1a\u5c06\u94fe\u8def\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u6837\uff09\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67d0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u6839\u6865\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f83\u6240\u6709\u7684BPDU\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u6700\u5c0f\u7684BPDU\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8be5BPDU\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u82e5\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u7684BPDU\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c31\u5c06\u7aef\u53e3ID\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u82e5\u7aef\u53e3ID\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u5219MAC\u5730\u5740\u503c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u4e3a\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u82e5\u6839\u6865\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u5230\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u3002\u6839\u6865\u6ca1\u6709\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/image.cha138.com\/20200808\/864a8561800247ac97a40a735a40184b.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/image.cha138.com\/20200808\/864a8561800247ac97a40a735a40184b.jpg\" alt=\"\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\" title=\"\u6355\u83b7.JPG\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5SW1\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u5404\u7aef\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u6839\u6865\u7684BPDU\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u9009\u4e3e\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/td><td>\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><td>\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500<\/td><td>\u6839\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW2<\/td><td>sw2-0<\/td><td>19<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">sw2-0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw2-1<\/td><td>19+4+19 = 42<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW3<\/td><td>sw3-0<\/td><td>19+19 = 38<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">sw3-1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw3-1<\/td><td>19+4 = 23<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW4<\/td><td>sw4-0<\/td><td>19<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">sw4-0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw4-1<\/td><td>19+19+4 = 42<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u9009\u4e3e\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/strong>\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u6839\u6865\u540e\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673aSW2\u548cSW3\u4f1a\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7aef\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u6765\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dsw2-1\u4f1a\u6536\u5230sw3-0\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u800csw3-0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6536\u5230sw2-1\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u6765\u7684BPDU\u3002\u4ea4\u6362\u673aSW2\u548cSW3\u5404\u81ea\u6536\u5230\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2aBPDU\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6839\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4f18\uff0c\u82e5\u503c\u4e00\u81f4\u5219\u7f16\u53f7\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4f18\uff0c\u82e5\u7f16\u53f7\u4e5f\u4e00\u81f4\u5219MAC\u5730\u5740\u503c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u4e3a\u4f18\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8be5BPDU\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5c31\u9009\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u4ece\u4e24\u53f0\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e92\u8fde\u7aef\u53e3\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e24\u53f0\u4e92\u76f8\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/image.cha138.com\/20200808\/39a0a61f02984c149e34f7e794524f1e.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/image.cha138.com\/20200808\/39a0a61f02984c149e34f7e794524f1e.jpg\" alt=\"\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\" title=\"\u6355\u83b7.JPG\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5404\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u51fa\u7684BPDU\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u9009\u4e3e\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709BPDU\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u6865\u5373SW1\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6839\u6865\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u51fa\u7684BPDU\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500\u4e3a0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/td><td>\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><td>\u8def\u5f84\u5f00\u9500<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW1 &#8211; SW2<\/td><td>sw1-0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">sw1-0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw2-0<\/td><td>19+4+19 = 42<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW1 &#8211; SW4<\/td><td>sw1-1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">sw1-1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw4-0<\/td><td>19+19+4 = 42<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW2 &#8211; SW3<\/td><td>sw2-1<\/td><td>19<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">sw2-1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw3-0<\/td><td>19+4 = 23<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SW3 &#8211; SW4<\/td><td>sw3-1<\/td><td>19+19 = 38<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">sw4-1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sw4-1<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u963b\u585e\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/strong>\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u540e\uff0c\u5404\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6700\u4f73\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c06\u975e\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u975e\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u5219\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u73af\u8def\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6839\u6865\u5230\u5404\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a\u6700\u4f18\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u6865\uff08\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e5f\u662f\u7f51\u6865\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff09\u4e92\u8054\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u53f0\u7f51\u6865\u63a5\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u64a4\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u635f\u574f\u6216\u65ad\u7535\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4e0d\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u8fbe40\u79d2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u762b\u75ea\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5404\u4e2a\u5382\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6b64\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u7f29\u77ed\uff0c\u8d77\u7801\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u6682\u65f6\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u51fa\u73b0\u5f88\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5229\u7528rstp\u4e2dflages\u4f4d\u4e2d\u7684Proposal\u4e0eAgreement\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u5546\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5feb\u901f\u4ece discarding \u8f6c\u6210 forwarding\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u7b49\u5f8530\u79d2\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RSTP\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>discarding<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>listening<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>learning<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bpduguard\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/image.cha138.com\/20210516\/8c0a663170544a9aa7ceb555fca5a147.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u9ed1\u5ba2DOS\u653b\u51fb\uff08\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u7684BPDU\u6216ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eportfast\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOS\u653b\u51fb\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\uff09\uff1a\u6b64\u65f6SW1\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\uff1bPC1\u4e3a\u9ed1\u5ba2\uff0c\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b83\u5411SW3\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cfBPDU\u62a5\u6587\u4e14\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5c0f\u4e8e32768\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u6210\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6536\u655b\uff0cPC1\u6210\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\uff1bPC1\u6210\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411SW3\u53d1\u9001BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u4e14\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5927\u4e8e32768\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u6536\u655b\uff0cSW1\u6210\u4e3a\u6839\u6865\uff1b\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u751f\u6210\u6811\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u6536\u655b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u6210\u6811\u5728\u6536\u655b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u5e27\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u762b\u75ea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SW3(config)#int f0\/0<br>SW3(config-if)#spanning-tree bpduguard enable<br>SW3(config-if)#exit<br>\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6ebpduguard\uff0c\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u97620\/0\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u4e00\u65e6\u6536\u5230BPDU\u62a5\u6587\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7f6e\u4e3aErr-disable\u72b6\u6001\uff0cErr-disable\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u63a5\u53e3down\u72b6\u6001\uff0c \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u628a\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5148\u6267\u884cshutdown\u518d\u6267\u884cno shutdown\uff1b\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5728\u8fde\u63a5PC\u6216\u8005\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u9762\u542f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sw3(config)#spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default&nbsp; &nbsp;\/\/\u5168\u5c40\u6a21\u5f0f &#8212;&#8211; \u5728\u6240\u6709Portfast\u63a5\u53e3\u542f\u7528bpduguard\u7279\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RSTP\u5bf9STP\u4fdd\u8bc1\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; 1.\u6839\u7aef\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6811\u91cc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u89d2\u8272\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u91cc\u914d\u7f6e\u6839\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u6839\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u6bd4\u73b0\u6709\u6839\u6865\u66f4\u5fe7\u7684BPDU\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u628a\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u7f6e\u4e3a discading \u76f4\u5230\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u64a4\u79bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u5374\u6536\u5230\u4e86BPDU\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ece\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u6765\u4e00\u4e9bTC\u62a5\u6587\u6765\u5237\u65b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u653b\u51fb\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u505a\u4fdd\u62a4\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u540e\u6536\u5230BPDU\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u5c31<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7f6e\u4e3a err-down \uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u8def\u5458\u624b\u52a8\u6062\u590d\uff09 \u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u975e\u8fb9\u7f18\u7aef\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 3.\u73af\u8def\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u963b\u585e\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1BPDU \u5374\u4e00\u76f4\u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u522b\u4eba\u7684BPDU\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4BPDU\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u8f6c\u53d1\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u73af\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728AP\u7aef\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u8def\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u8def<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4\u540eAP\u7aef\u53e3\u5982\u679c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u4e0d\u5230 BPDU \u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u94fe\u8def\u6545\u969c\u5355\u65b9\u5411\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u6301 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