{"id":2086,"date":"2024-11-04T15:20:04","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T07:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/?p=2086"},"modified":"2024-11-04T15:20:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T07:20:04","slug":"python%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f-%e7%bb%84%e5%90%88%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/2024\/11\/04\/python%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f-%e7%bb%84%e5%90%88%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f-\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Composite Pattern\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u90e8\u5206-\u6574\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<br>\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08Component\uff09\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Leaf\u548cComposite\u4e2d\u7684\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<br>\u53f6\u5b50\uff08Leaf\uff09\uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u6811\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002<br>\u7ec4\u5408\uff08Composite\uff09\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u5b50\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u90e8\u4ef6\u3002\u5e76\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5b50\u90e8\u4ef6\u6709\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u3002<br>\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<br>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u5f62\u7ed8\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed8\u5236\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u5982\u5706\u548c\u65b9\u5757\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f62\u72b6\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u4ef6<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from abc import ABC, abstractmethod\n\nclass Graphic(ABC):\n    @abstractmethod\n    def draw(self):\n        pass\n\n    def add(self, graphic):\n        raise NotImplementedError(\"This method is not supported\")\n\n    def remove(self, graphic):\n        raise NotImplementedError(\"This method is not supported\")\n\n    def get_child(self, index):\n        raise NotImplementedError(\"This method is not supported\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u53f6\u5b50<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Circle(Graphic):\n    def draw(self):\n        print(\"Drawing a circle\")\n\nclass Square(Graphic):\n    def draw(self):\n        print(\"Drawing a square\")\n\n\n\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u5408\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class CompositeGraphic(Graphic):\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.children = &#91;]\n\n    def draw(self):\n        for child in self.children:\n            child.draw()\n\n    def add(self, graphic):\n        self.children.append(graphic)\n\n    def remove(self, graphic):\n        self.children.remove(graphic)\n\n    def get_child(self, index):\n        return self.children&#91;index]\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>def main():\n    # \u521b\u5efa\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\n    circle1 = Circle()\n    circle2 = Circle()\n    square1 = Square()\n\n    # \u521b\u5efa\u7ec4\u5408\u8282\u70b9\n    composite1 = CompositeGraphic()\n    composite2 = CompositeGraphic()\n\n    # \u7ec4\u5408\u56fe\u5f62\n    composite1.add(circle1)\n    composite1.add(circle2)\n\n    composite2.add(square1)\n    composite2.add(composite1)\n\n    # \u7ed8\u5236\u7ec4\u5408\u56fe\u5f62\n    composite2.draw()\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cGraphic\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Circle\u548cSquare\u662f\u53f6\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002CompositeGraphic\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u5199\u4e86\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u9012\u5f52\u7ed8\u5236\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u7edf\u4e00\u8c03\u7528draw\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed8\u5236\u3002\n\n\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\n\u4f18\u70b9\n\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\n\u7b80\u5316\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u81f4\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fd8\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\n\u7b26\u5408\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u7c7b\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\n\u7f3a\u70b9\n\u589e\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff1a\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u3002\n\u96be\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7ec4\u5408\u5c42\u6b21\uff1a\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7ec4\u5408\u5c42\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\n\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\n\u8868\u793a\u90e8\u5206-\u6574\u4f53\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u90e8\u5206-\u6574\u4f53\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\n\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\n\u6784\u5efa\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5982\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\n\u603b\u7ed3\n\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u90e8\u5206-\u6574\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u90e8\u5206-\u6574\u4f53\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u6784\u5efa\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5408\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\n\n                        \n\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/weixin_55252589\/article\/details\/139074443<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Composite Pattern\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u90e8\u5206- [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2087,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}