{"id":2096,"date":"2024-11-05T10:35:23","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T02:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/?p=2096"},"modified":"2024-11-05T10:35:23","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T02:35:23","slug":"python%e6%8f%92%e4%bb%b6%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/2024\/11\/05\/python%e6%8f%92%e4%bb%b6%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d\/","title":{"rendered":"python\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4ecb\u7ecd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e00\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784
\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u8f7d\u5916\u90e8\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u90e8\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u63d2\u4ef6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Python \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff1aPython \u652f\u6301\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u53ef\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u63d2\u4ef6\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u63d2\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u5957\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u63d2\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u7ee7\u627f\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d2\u4ef6\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u626b\u63cf\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u9879\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u63d2\u4ef6\u53d1\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d Python \u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d2\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5b83\u3002\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 importlib \u6a21\u5757\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u63d2\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u63d2\u4ef6\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\uff1a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u5141\u8bb8\u63d2\u4ef6\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u5e94\u8be5\u786e\u4fdd\u63d2\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d2\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002
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Python \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528 setuptools \u7684 entry points\uff1asetuptools \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 entry points \u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 setup.py \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a entry points\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7 pkg_resources \u6216 importlib.metadata\uff08Python 3.8+\uff09\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u7b26\u5408 entry points \u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u5982 pluggy\uff08pytest \u7528\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u3001yapsy\u3001pluginbase \u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u62bd\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u63d2\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d\u673a\u5236\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5229\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\uff0cPython \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002
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\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee5pluggy\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6848\u4f8b
pluggy \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531 pytest \u56e2\u961f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 pluggy \u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 pluggy\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 pip \u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

pip install pluggy
1
\u6b65\u9aa4 1: \u5b9a\u4e49\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303
\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u63d2\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u8303\u662f\u63d2\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u63d2\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

hookspecs.py<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

import pluggy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

hookspec = pluggy.HookspecMarker(“myproject”)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

class MySpec:
“””\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u7c7b\u3002”””<\/p>\n\n\n\n

@hookspec\ndef my_hook(self, arg1, arg2):\n    \"\"\"\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\"\"\"\n    pass<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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\u6b65\u9aa4 2: \u5b9e\u73b0\u63d2\u4ef6
\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6839\u636e\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u521b\u5efa\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
plugins.py<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
import pluggy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hookimpl = pluggy.HookimplMarker(“myproject”)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class MyPlugin:
“””\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 my_hook \u94a9\u5b50\u3002”””<\/p>\n\n\n\n
@hookimpl\ndef my_hook(self, arg1, arg2):\n    print(f\"\u63d2\u4ef6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a{arg1}, {arg2}\")\n    # \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6267\u884c\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u903b\u8f91\n    return arg1 + arg2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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\u6b65\u9aa4 3: \u6ce8\u518c\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u63d2\u4ef6\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u94a9\u5b50
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08PluginManager\uff09\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u94a9\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u63a5\u53d7\u54ea\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
main.py<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
import pluggy
import hookspecs
import plugins<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
pm = pluggy.PluginManager(“myproject”)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5c06\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e2d<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
pm.add_hookspecs(hookspecs.MySpec)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u518c\u63d2\u4ef6<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
pm.register(plugins.MyPlugin())<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8c03\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
result = pm.hook.my_hook(arg1=10, arg2=20)
print(result)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u3002
\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668 \u8d1f\u8d23\u7ef4\u62a4\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u94a9\u5b50\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002
\u63d2\u4ef6 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u94a9\u5b50\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002
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\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u72ec\u7acb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u8fd0\u884c main.py \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528 my_hook \u94a9\u5b50\u3002\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684 my_hook \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86 pluggy \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u94a9\u5b50\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0cpluggy \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 pytest \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u7684\u533a\u522b
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\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a
https:\/\/developer.aliyun.com\/article\/308565
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/ningyanggege\/article\/details\/135663015<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e00\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2096"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2097,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2096\/revisions\/2097"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.xtaa.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}